Honour-based abuse

Forced marriage, female genital mutilation, breast flattening, child abuse linked to faith or belief.

Breast flattening

Also known as ‘breast ironing’, this is when pubescent girls' breasts are ironed, massaged or pounded down with hard and heated objects.

This is done to make them disappear or delay their development and is practised in Cameroon. It has also been reported in Benin, Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea-Conakry, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Togo and Zimbabwe.

For more guidance on signs of this abuse, the law and what to do visit the National FGM Centre’s Breast Flattening web pages.

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